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The Bass Rock, or simply the Bass,〔M'Crie, Miller, Anderson, Fleming & Balfour (1847). ''The Bass Rock.'' Edinburgh〕 , is an island in the outer part of the Firth of Forth in the east of Scotland. Approximately offshore, and north-east of North Berwick, it is a steep-sided volcanic rock, at its highest point, and is home to a large colony of gannets. The rock is currently uninhabited, but historically has been settled by an early Christian hermit, and later was the site of an important castle, which after the Commonwealth period was used as a prison. The island is in the ownership of Sir Hew Hamilton-Dalrymple, whose family acquired it in 1706, and before that belonged to the Lauder family for almost six centuries. The Bass Rock Lighthouse was constructed on the rock in 1902, and the remains of an ancient chapel survive. The Bass Rock features in many works of fiction, including Robert Louis Stevenson's ''Catriona'' and ''The Lion is Rampant'' by the present-day Scottish novelist Ross Laidlaw. ==Geography and geology== The island is a volcanic plug of phonolitic trachyte rock of Carboniferous (Dinantian) age.〔Read, W. A. et al. (2002) ''Carboniferous'', page 294 in Trewin, N. H. (2002) ''The Geology of Scotland'', 4th edition, London, The Geological Society.〕 The rock was first recognised as an igneous intrusion by James Hutton, while Hugh Miller visited in 1847 and wrote about the rock's geology in his book ''Edinburgh and its Neighbourhood, Geological and Historical: with The Geology of the Bass Rock''.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bibliography )〕 The Bass Rock stands over 100 m high in the Firth of Forth Islands Special Protection Area which covers some, but not all of the islands in the inner and outer Firth. The Bass Rock is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in its own right, due to its gannet colony. It is sometimes called "the Ailsa Craig of the East".〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=The Bass Rock )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Islands in the Firth of Forth )〕 It is of a similar geological form to nearby North Berwick Law, a hill on the mainland.〔 There are a couple of related volcanic formations within nearby Edinburgh, namely Arthur's Seat and Castle Rock. Much of the island is surrounded by steep cliffs and rocks, with a slope facing south south west which inclines at a steep angle. The Bass does not occupy the skyline of the Firth quite as much as its equivalent in the Clyde, Ailsa Craig, but it can be seen from much of southern and eastern Fife, most of East Lothian, and high points in the Lothians and Borders, such as Arthur's Seat, and the Lammermuir. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bass Rock」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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